Damp and Mould 
Damp and mould can pose significant challenges in residential properties, creating health risks and causing damage to the structure and furnishings of a property. These issues can arise from a variety of factors, including poor ventilation, water leaks, and inadequate building maintenance. For both landlords and tenants, managing and preventing damp and mould is essential to maintain a safe and habitable living environment.
Forms of Damp
There are several types of damp that can occur in residential properties, each with its own causes and solutions. Understanding these types is crucial for both tenants and landlords to effectively address the issue. These will be discussed below:
Condensation Damp
This is the most common form of damp found in properties and is primarily caused by high humidity levels within the property. It often occurs in areas where warm, moist air comes into contact with colder surfaces, such as walls and windows. Condensation damp can lead to the formation of water droplets on windows and walls, providing a breeding ground for mould.
Penetrating Damp
This type of damp occurs when water from outside the property enters through the building's walls, roof or windows. It may be due to poor construction, roof leaks, or blocked gutters that allow rainwater to seep into the property.
Rising Damp
This form of damp arises when groundwater is absorbed into the walls of a building, usually through the foundation. It is more common in older properties that to not have damp-proof course. Rising damp can cause significant damage to the structure of a property if left untreated.
Mould
Mould, a type of fungus thrives in damp, humid environments. It spreads via airborne spores and appears on moisture-prone areas such as walls, ceilings, windows and furniture. It not properly managed, mould can lead to serious health issues and cause damage to the property.
Mould can have a serious impact on the health of occupants, especially if the mould growth is extensive or if tenants are exposed to it over a long period. In December 2020, 2 -year-old Awaab Ishak tragically died from a severe respiratory infection caused by prolonged exposure to damp and mould in his home. In response, Awaab's Law was introduced as part of the Social Housing (Regulation) Act 2023, requiring social landlords to investigate and resolve damp and mould issues within a set timeframe. Residential landlords should be prepared as it is likely that Awaab's Law will be extended to the private rented sector through the proposed Renters Rights Bill.